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Steep or uneven steps are a common fall risk, especially at entrances. Enter the total height to climb and the space available, and we’ll work out how many steps you need at a comfortable height — or tell you when a ramp or lift makes more sense.
Safe step guidelines
| Measurement | Recommended |
|---|---|
| Step height (riser) | 4–7 in (10–18 cm), all the same height |
| Step depth (tread) | At least 11 in (28 cm) |
| Handrail height | 34–38 in (86–97 cm), both sides |
| Height difference between steps | No more than ⅜ in (10 mm) |
These follow the accessible stair provisions of the 2010 ADA Standards and common building-code limits; local codes for homes can differ.
FAQ
When is a ramp better than steps?
If anyone in the household uses a wheelchair or walker, or struggles with steps at all, a ramp at 1:12 or gentler is safer. Our ramp calculator shows how long it needs to be.
Do I need a handrail for two steps?
Codes vary, but for older adults a handrail helps on any stairs — even one or two steps at an entrance.
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